By George Mitrakos| Within the realm of religious debate and theological dialogue, Islam is slowly coming to be known as the religion backed by modern scientific and historical discovery. Even those who statistically do not adopt any form of religious belief attempt to support the qur’anic narrative as it being perfectly preserved and historically accurate.
But is the Quran really the word of God? Is Muhammad truly a messenger of the almighty? As it turns out, these religion is full of too many holes to be taken seriously to be the one true religion. Within this article we are going to be looking at just 6 of many reasons why Islam is false. These are:
- The Quran affirms that the bible is the word of God.
- Scientific inaccuracies.
- Historical inaccuracies.
- The Quran borrowed from Christian forgeries.
- Muhammad allowed his scribes to make changes to the Quran.
- Islamic sources show that Muhammad believed he was demon possessed.
1) The Quran affirms that the Bible is the word of God.
Yes. You read that correctly. When one begins to examine the Quranic narrative, he or she will quickly come to discover that the Quran affirms the bible’s divine inspiration and inerrancy. Many Muslims, however, assert that such passages are referring to the “REAL” bible.
In other words, prior to its supposed corruption. Yet when we read the following verses, it becomes blatantly clear that “Allah” and his prophet considered the bible to be uncorrupted and inspired DURING THE TIME OF MUHAMMAD:
Surah 5:43: “But why do they come to thee for decision, WHEN THEY HAVE (THEIR OWN) TORAH BEFORE THEM? – THEREIN IS THE (PLAIN) COMMAND OF ALLAH; yet even after that, they would turn away. For they are not (really) People of Faith.
Surah 5:46-47: “And in their footsteps We sent Jesus the son of Mary, CONFIRMING THE TORAH THAT CAME BEFORE HIM: We sent him the Gospel: THEREIN IS GUIDANCE AND LIGHT, and confirmation of the torah that had come before him: a guidance and an admonition to those who fear Allah. LET THE PEOPLE OF THE GOSPEL JUDGE BY WHAT ALLAH HATH REVEALED THEREIN. IF ANY DO FAIL TO JUDGE BY (THE LIGHT OF) WHAT ALLAH HATH REVEALED, THEY ARE (NO BETTER THAN) THOSE WHO REBEL.”
Sunan Abu Dawud, Book 38 (Kitab al Hudud, i.e. Prescribed Punishments), Number 4434: Narrated Abdullah Ibn Umar: A group of Jews came and invited the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) to Quff. So he visited them in their school.They said: AbulQasim, one of our men has committed fornication with a woman; so pronounce judgment upon them. They placed a cushion for the Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) who sat on it and said: Bring the Torah. It was then brought. HE THEN WITHDREW THE CUSHION FROM BENEATH HIM AND PLACED THE TORAH ON IT SAYING: I BELIEVED IN THEE AND IN HIM WHO REVEALED THEE.
Here are some things to note:
- In surah 5:43, the Jews HAVE the Torah (Present tense). THEREIN IS Allah’s command.
- In surah 5:46-47 it writes THEREIN IS GUIDANCE. Furthermore, Allah instructs us to JUDGE (Present tense) by the gospel.
- Muhammad considered the Torah that existed in HIS time to be the word of God.
Now in light of the Islamic evidence, a segment of the Muslim community have conjured up a theory that the bible was corrupted AFTER Muhammad’s time. This is simply impossible, seeing as we have manuscripts of the bible which date back prior to and during Muhammad’s time.
In other words, we know exactly what the bible said during the commencement and launch of the Islamic religion:
- The Chester Beatty Papyrus II: AD 100.
- The John Rylands Manuscript: AD 130.
- The Codex Vaticanus: AD 325- 350.
- The Codex Sinaiticus: AD 375-400.
- The Codex Washingtonianus: AD 450.
Since we know the Bible was not corrupted by referring to these ancient documents and papyri, we see that Islam is proven to be locked into a grave dilemma. If the bible was corrupted, then the Quran is false because it affirms its inerrancy and inspiration. But if the bible was NOT corrupted, the Quran STILL remains false because it blatantly contradicts the biblical narrative on virtually every significant point.
2) Scientific inaccuracies
Sperm:
The Qur’an states, incorrectly, that semen originates from a spot between the backbone and the ribs, Surah 86:6-7. However, science has demonstrated that sperm comes from the testicles whilst semen issues from different glands behind and below our bladder.
Flat earth:
The Quran is laden with verses which hint towards the impression of a “flat” earth. Surah 13:3, 15:19, 50:7, 51:48, 71:19, 20:53 and many more write that the earth is “spread out”, “Laid out”, or “like a carpet”. Yet due to modern scientific discovery we know that the earth is actually in the shape of a circular sphere.
Just to further elaborate on this point, ever notice how the Islamic Salat indirectly hints at the idea of a flat earth? Muslims all around the world are instructed to pray towards the Kabba 5 times a day. This would only make sense if we lived on a flat earth. If, however, Islam endorsed the belief in a spherical planet, we would get the following dilemma.
All things were made in pairs:
Within the Quran, surah 51:49, it writes that all THINGS were created in pairs. Yet, today we know of something called Asexual reproduction. Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction by which offsprings arise from a single organism. It serves as the chief means by which single celled organisms are formed. Such examples include the Archaea, bacteria, various plants and fungi.
Shooting stars are missiles to drive out demons:
The Qur’an teaches that stars are fires set up in the sky to guard Heaven against demons. The demons want to hear what God is saying so they try to sneak up to heaven. If they are found, the guardians of heaven will hurl stars at them to chase them off: 15:16-18, 37:6-10, 67:5 and 72:8-9.
The dilemma, however, is that the Quran is confusing “stars” with “shooting stars”. Stars, as we know, are actually suns. Shooting stars on the other hand, are meteorites, or galactic debris. If we are to take the Quran seriously, then each time we see a “shooting star” we are to assume that it is actually a sun that is blasting across the sky in the pursue of a demon.
The sun settles in a muddy spring:
In surah 18:86, the Quran describes the sun as setting into a muddy spring. Yet we know due to modern scientific discovery that the setting of the sun is caused by the circular and rotational properties of our planet. There exists no place where the sun physically “sets”.
3) Historical inaccuracies
Samaria:
In Surah 20:85-88, 95 we read about the story of the Prophet Moses and the Israelite rebellion in their worship of the golden calf. The interesting thing within this passage, is that a SAMARITAN was accused of leading the people of Allah astray.
The story of Moses and the golden calf is dated to have occurred around 1400 BC. Yet the Samaritans did NOT exist until 530 years AFTER Moses. Samaria was founded by King Omri during the year 870 BC. The Samaritans did not exist until after the exile of the Northern Kingdom of Israel and the resettlement of the area under King Sargon II in 722 B.C.
So the question arises: How could a Samaritan lead the people of Moses astray when Samaritans did not exist during the time of Moses?
Crucifixion:
According to Surah 12:41, the Quran writes that during the time of Joseph (in the Old Testament), death by crucifixion was actually something that existed and was being performed. Not only that, but the Quran writes in Surah 7:124, 26:49 and 20:71 that Pharaoh threatened the magicians who believed in Moses with crucifixion.
The major problem with these statements from the Qur’an is that there is no archeological or historical evidence that the Egyptians used crucifixion as a form of punishment in the time of Joseph, or in the time of Moses. Crucifixion only becomes a punishment much later in history.
Alexander the great:
In surah 18:83-98 we read about a man named Dhul-Qarnayn. Now, it is VERY rare to find a scholar of the Islamic religion which will not state that this points to Alexander the great. Here are just some of those people: Baydawi, p. 399, al-Jalalan, p. 251, al-Tabari, p. 339, al-Zamakhshari, part 2 of al-Kash-shaf, p. 743.
The problem, however, is that the Quran describes Alexander as being a “righteous and God fearing man”. That Allah is the one whom guided him and that he lead people into the fold of the Islamic faith.
However, when we even do a little research on the true and historical Alexander, we see that he was an idolater, claiming to be the son of the Egyptian God Amun. Very few would even consider him to be even remotely close to a righteous human being.
Mary, the Quranic confusion:
According to answeringIslam.org,
In many places, the Qur’an mentions Mary as the sister of Moses and Aaron and the daughter of Imran. The Qur’an has confused Jesus’ mother with Aaron’s sister because both of them carry the same name, though there are several centuries between them.
The Qur’an indicates that Mary (Christ’s mother) had a brother whose name was Aaron (chapter 19:28) and a father whose name is Imran (chapter 66:12). Their mother was called “the wife of Imran” (chapter 3:35) which eliminates any doubt that it confuses Mary, mother of Jesus, with Mary, sister of Aaron.
The gospel of Jesus Christ:
In surah 4:157, the Quran unashamedly tells us that Christ was never killed nor crucified. But that it was made to appear so. Rather, Allah raised Christ unto himself. The traditional interpretation of this verse is that Allah replaced Jesus with Judas on the cross, hence ANY historical substantiation of this event would fall short on disproving the Islamic position, for they do not doubt that the crucifixion took place, but that it was Judas who took on Christ’s form.
Yet when we look to the historical record, we see that it too, also successfully dismantles this elucidation, because 10 out of the 12 apostles were martyred for believing in the MURDER and RESSURECTION of Jesus. History shows that that they firmly believed that it was Jesus himself who was murdered raised from the dead.
In The Historical Jesus: Lecture Transcript and Course Guidebook, 2000, Ehrman says:
“ONE OF THE MOST CERTAIN FACTS OF HISTORY IS THAT JESUS WAS CRUCIFIED ON ORDERS OF THE ROMAN PREFECT OF JUDEA, PONTIUS PILATE”. (P. 162)
Atheist Professor of Early Christianity and the University of Gottinggen Gerd Ludemann says:
“JESUS’ DEATH AS A CONSEQUENCE OF CRUCIFIXION IS INDISPUTABLE”. IN THE RESURRECTION OF CHRIST: A HISTORICAL INQUIRY, 2004, P 50
We have at least 11 sources for the crucifixion of Jesus: Pre-Mark Passion Narrative, Q, John, Paul, Hebrews, 1 Peter 2:24, Clement of Rome, Ignatius, Martyr, Josephus Flavius, & Cornelius Tacitus. Pre-Mark and Q are very early dating to within years of the actual crucifixion.
Other less valuable sources such as Lucian, Mesa Bar Serapion (depends on dating), Thallus and the Talmud all affirm a constant tradition of Jesus’ crucifixion.
If this was really Judas on the cross, then surely they would have been aware. SURELY they would not have been willing to die for something they knew was false. So again, if we take the above mentioned interpretation into account, Islam is left with the following 2 problems:
- If it was really Judas on the cross, then Islam is immediately contradicted by the historical sources that tell us Jesus was crucified and all those who knew him believed and died for the belief that he was crucified.
- If Allah transformed Judas into Jesus, then the corruption of Islam, which eventually gave birth to Christianity, is Allah’s fault. For he is responsible for deceiving the masses, only to amend it hundreds of years later.
Now there does exist other interpretations such as “Christ did not die, but he merely fainted”. Yet all still manage to fail when brought under scrutiny of what history has to say concerning the crucifixion of Jesus.
4) The Quran borrowed from Christian forgeries
When we begin to read the story of Jesus as it is found within the Quran, we will quickly come to find two particular events which would immediately come to strike him/her as being somewhat odd:
- Jesus talks from the cradle: Surah 3:46, 19:28-34 and 5:110.
- Jesus turns clay birds into real birds: Surah 3:49 and 5:110.
The problem however, is that we know exactly where these fables came from. And they are indeed fables because they come from Christian forgeries known to have been circulating during the time of the Islamic prophet.
The story of Jesus speaking from the cradle came from the infancy Gospel of Jesus Christ which writes:
Jesus spake when he was in the cradle, and said to his mother: “Mary, I am Jesus the Son of God, the Word, which thou didst bring forth according to the declaration of the angel Gabriel, and My Father hath sent me for the salvation of the world.”
The story of Jesus transfiguring clay birds into real ones comes from the Gospel of Thomas the Israelite, which says:
The child Jesus, when 5 years of age, was playing on the road by a dirty stream of running water; and having brought it all together into ditches, immediately made it pure and clean; by saying a single word. Then having moistened some earth, he made of it twelve sparrows. And it was the Sabbath day when he did these things. There were many other children playing with him. Now a Jew, seeing what Jesus did, that he was playing on the Sabbath day, went his way to (Jesus’) father Joseph.
He said, “Behold, your son is at the stream of dirty water, and having taken up some mud, has made of it twelve sparrows, thus desecrating the Sabbath. On this Joseph went to the spot, and cried out, “Why did you do these things on the Sabbath day which it is not lawful to do?” Jesus then clapped his hands at the sparrows and cried aloud to them, “Go off!” So they, clucking, flew away. The Jews seeing it were astonished, and went and told their rulers what they had seen Jesus do.”
5) Muhammad allowed his scribes to make changes to the Quran
Muhammad, as many know, possessed many scribes who would write down the revelations he was given. One of these scribes went by the name of Abdullah Ibn Sa’d Ibn Abi Sarh. As Abdullah would pen down the revelations, he frequently made suggestions to improve the wording of a particular ayat ( verse).
Muhammad, surprisingly, allowed for these changes to be made. Seeing that God’s word can be changed by a mere human being, Abdullah eventually left Islam, knowing that the Quran could not have been the perfect and incorruptible word of Allah.
Here is what he said:
“I used to direct Muhammad wherever I willed. He would dictate to me ‘Most High, All-Wise,’and I would write down ‘All-Wise’ only. Then he would say, ‘Yes it is all the same.’ On a certain occasion he said, ‘Write such and such’, but I wrote ‘Write’ only, and he said, ‘Write whatever you like.’ (1)
Such changes can be seen in Surah 23:14.
Interestingly, following Muhammad’s conquest of Mecca, the prophet ordered for 10 people to be killed. And unsurprisingly, one of them was Abdullah.
“The Life of Muhammad”, A Guillaume’s a translation of Ibn Hisham’s “Sirat Rasul Allah”, from page 550:
The apostle had instructed his commanders when they entered Mecca only to fight those who resisted them except a small number who were to be killed even if they were found beneath the curtains of the Ka`ba. Among them was `Abdullah b. Sa`d, brother of the B. `Amir b. Lu’ayy. The reason he ordered him to be killed was that he had been a Muslim and used to write down revelation; then he apostatized and returned to Qurahysh [Mecca] and fled to `Uthman b.
Ibn Sa`d “Tabaqat”, Vol 2, page 168:
The apostle of Allah entered through Adhakhir, [into Mecca], and prohibited fighting. He ordered six men and four women to be killed, they were (1) Ikrimah Ibn Abi Jahl, (2) Habbar Ibn al-Aswad, (3) Abd Allah Ibn Sa`d Ibn Abi Sarh, (4) Miqyas Ibn Sababah al-Laythi, (5) al-Huwayrith Ibn Nuqaydh, (6) Abd Abbah Ibn Hilal Ibn Khatal al-Adrami, (7) Hind Bint Utbah, (8) Sarah, the mawlat (enfranchised girl) of Amr Ibn Hashim, (9) Fartana and (10) Qaribah.
6. Islamic sources show that Muhammad thought he was demon possessed.
Surah 2:97: Say, “whoever is an enemy to gabriel – it is [none but] he who has brought the qur’an down upon your heart, [O Muhammad], by permission of Allah , confirming that which was before it and as guidance and good tidings for the believers.”
The Quran describes Gabriel as the angel and messenger who brought down the Quran unto Muhammad’s heart. In the hadith, however, the angel is described as PRESSING and STRANGLING Muhamad upon the giving of the revelation. Something we NEVER find Gabriel doing in the Bible (which the Quran affirms).
Following this event, Muhammad thought he was demon possessed according to Sahih bukhari 9:111 where it states that he was twitching with terror, asking what was wrong with him whilst demanding to be covered, fearing that something BAD may happen to him.
Also from Ibn Ishaq’s “Sirat Rasul Allah” Muhamad didn’t think this was Gabriel at first, but that he was demon possessed. P. 106-107. It was only until people convinced him that he was met by an angel of the Lord that he slowly came to believe that he was called to prophet hood.
As a matter of fact, even people during Muhammad’s time believed that he was demon possessed and was met, NOT by Gabriel, but by a devil:
Surah 81:22-25: “No, your compatriot [Muhammad] is not mad. He saw him [Gabriel] on the clear horizon. He does not grudge the secrets of the unseen, nor is this the utterance of an accursed devil.”
Surah 69:41, 42: “It [the Quran] is no poet’s speech: scant is your faith! It is no soothsayer’s divination: how little you reflect! It is revelation from the Lord of the Universe.
So it is then no shock that we go on to read in the Quran that Jesus was NEVER killed or crucified: Quran 4:157. A complete contradiction to what the biblical gospel is, the death burial and resurrection of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of sins.
“But even if we or an angel from heaven should preach to you a gospel contrary to the one we preached to you, let him be accursed.” – Galatians 1:8
2 Corinthians 11:14 also states that Satan can masquerade as an angel of light.
Conclusion
So upon viewing the Islamic sources, is it safe to say that Islam is the perfect and preserved religion of the almighty? Far from it! God is omniscient and there is nothing false to be found within him. Hence the way which he prescribes should consequently not stand in disharmony to both scientific and historical discovery.
His words should never be in need of any human intervention for improvement and his prophet should never have to feel demon possessed, only to be reassured by human tongues that he was divinely visited. These are all things which Islam has to account for.
And until we are given any satisfactory answer for these troublesome discoveries, there is no solid reason to place your faith in Muhammad’s religion.
Sources
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Ibn al-Athîr, Usûd Ulghâbah fî Ma’rifat Is-Sahâbah, 1995, Dâr al-Fikr, Beruit (Lebanon), Volume 3, p. 154.